The summer in Delhi-NCR has arrived early—and with intensity. Temperatures soaring past 42°C are not just uncomfortable; they pose serious health risks. Stepping outdoors now can feel overwhelming, especially during peak afternoon hours.

To better understand how to stay safe, insights from Rakesh Pandit, a senior internal medicine specialist, highlight what truly matters during extreme heat—from recognising warning signs to building daily habits that prevent illness.

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🚨 Early Warning Signs of Heatstroke

Heat-related illnesses often begin subtly but can escalate quickly into Heatstroke, a life-threatening emergency.

Watch out for these critical symptoms:

• Body temperature above 40°C with hot, dry skin
• Confusion, dizziness, or fainting
• Persistent vomiting or inability to retain fluids

These signs indicate the body is failing to regulate heat. Immediate medical attention is crucial.

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💧 How Much Water Should You Really Drink?

Hydration is your first line of defence—but many people underestimate their needs.

• Average adults: 3–4 litres of fluids per day
• Outdoor workers: 4–5 litres or more
• Include fluids like water, ORS, coconut water, and buttermilk

👉 The key rule: Don’t wait for thirst
Drink small amounts every 20–30 minutes to maintain hydration levels.

What to avoid:

• Excess caffeine (tea/coffee)
• Alcohol, which accelerates dehydration

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⚡ What to Do Immediately if Someone Overheats

Quick action can prevent serious complications.

Follow these steps:

1. Move the person to a cool or shaded area
2. Remove excess or tight clothing
3. Apply cold compresses (neck, armpits, groin)
4. Use a fan or cool water sponging
5. Give fluids like water or ORS only if conscious

⚠️ Important:
Never give fluids to an unconscious person—seek emergency medical help immediately.

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🟡 Symptoms You Can Manage at Home

Not all heat-related discomfort is severe. Mild symptoms can often be treated with rest and hydration.

Manage at home:

• Mild headache
• Slight fatigue or weakness
• Light sweating
• Early signs of dehydration

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🔴 Symptoms You Should Never Ignore

Certain signs indicate worsening condition and possible progression to heatstroke.

Seek medical help immediately if you notice:

• Continuous vomiting
• Severe headache or confusion
• No sweating despite extreme heat
• Persistent muscle cramps
• Rapid pulse or breathing

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🌿 Daily Habits to Stay Safe in Extreme Heat

Prevention remains the most effective strategy.

Simple but powerful habits:

• Avoid going out between 12 PM and 4 PM
• Wear loose, light-coloured cotton clothes
• Stay hydrated throughout the day
• Include seasonal drinks like lemon water and coconut water
• Eat light, easily digestible meals
• Avoid heavy, oily foods
• Never leave children or elderly in parked vehicles

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👨‍👩‍👧 Who Needs Extra Care?

Some groups are more vulnerable to heat-related illnesses:

• Elderly individuals
• Young children
• People with chronic conditions

They require extra monitoring, hydration, and limited heat exposure.

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🧠 Why Heat Feels More Intense Now

Rising temperatures in regions like New Delhi are often linked to broader patterns of Climate change. Urban heat, pollution, and reduced green cover can further intensify how heat is experienced on the ground.

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Final Thought

This isn’t just “summer as usual.” The current heat conditions are intense and potentially dangerous. The good news is that small, consistent actions—hydration, awareness, and timely response—can prevent serious health risks.

With the rapid rise of digital payments in India, Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has become the backbone of everyday transactions—from street vendors to large retailers. While this convenience has transformed how people pay, it has also opened the door for increasingly sophisticated scams.

Cybercriminals are constantly evolving their tactics, using fake payment requests, phishing links, QR code fraud, and social engineering tricks to target unsuspecting users.

The good news? Most of these scams can be avoided with awareness and a few smart habits.

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Common Types of UPI Scams You Should Know

1. Fake “Collect Request” Scams

Fraudsters send a request asking you to “approve” a payment. Many users mistakenly think they are receiving money—but in reality, they are authorising a debit.

👉 Rule: Always read carefully—“Pay” means money goes out.

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2. QR Code Fraud

Scammers share QR codes claiming you’ll receive money after scanning. In truth, scanning a QR code is meant for sending money, not receiving it.

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3. Phishing Links & Fake Apps

You may receive links via SMS, WhatsApp, or email that look official. These can:

• Steal your banking credentials
• Install malware
• Redirect you to fake payment pages

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4. Customer Care Scams

Fraudsters pose as bank or app support executives and:

• Ask for OTP or PIN
• Request screen-sharing access
• Guide you into making a transaction

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5. Remote Access App Fraud

Scammers convince victims to install apps like screen-sharing tools, giving them full control over your phone.

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How to Spot Fake Payment Requests

Before approving any transaction, follow these checks:

• Verify the name: Ensure it matches the intended recipient
• Check the UPI ID: Look for unusual spellings or random numbers
• Review the request type: Is it asking you to pay instead of receive?
• Avoid urgency traps: Scammers often create panic to rush decisions

👉 If anything feels off, do not proceed.

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Golden Rule: You Never Need a PIN to Receive Money

This is one of the most important things to remember:

• You only enter your UPI PIN to send money
• Receiving money does not require a PIN

So if someone claims:

• “You’ve won a prize”
• “You’re getting cashback”
• “Approve to receive refund”

🚫 It’s almost certainly a scam.

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Smart Safety Tips to Avoid UPI Fraud

1. Never Share Sensitive Information

• UPI PIN
• OTPs
• Bank details

No legitimate entity will ask for these.

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2. Avoid Unknown Links

Only use official apps like:

• Google Pay
• PhonePe
• Paytm

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3. Set a Daily Transaction Limit

Limit your exposure by setting a lower daily cap. You can increase it when needed.

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4. Be Careful with UPI AutoPay

Before enabling AutoPay:

• Check the merchant’s authenticity
• Verify amount and frequency
• Cancel unused mandates immediately

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5. Secure Your UPI PIN

• Avoid easy combinations like “1234” or birthdates
• Change it periodically
• Never store it in notes or messages

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6. Double-Check QR Codes

• Only scan from trusted sources
• Avoid codes shared via unknown messages or social media

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What To Do If You Get Scammed

Act quickly:

1. Contact your bank or UPI app immediately
2. Call the national cybercrime helpline 1930
3. Report at National Cyber Crime Portal
4. Block your account or freeze transactions if needed

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Why Awareness Matters More Than Ever

UPI is designed to be secure, but human error remains the biggest vulnerability. Scammers rely on:

• Panic
• Confusion
• Lack of awareness

A few extra seconds of verification can prevent financial loss.

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The Bottom Line

UPI is safe—but only if used carefully. Always verify before you pay, never share your PIN, and stay alert to unusual requests.

On a hot summer day, most people instinctively reach for water only when they feel thirsty. It seems logical—after all, the body should signal when it needs hydration. However, medical experts warn that relying solely on thirst may not be enough, especially in hot climates.

Why thirst isn’t a reliable hydration signal

According to Dr Pooja Pillai, a consultant in internal medicine at Aster CMI Hospital, thirst is often a delayed response.

By the time you feel thirsty, your body may already be experiencing mild dehydration. This happens because the body continuously loses water through:

• Sweating
• Breathing
• Urination and digestion

In hot weather, these losses accelerate significantly, but the brain’s thirst mechanism does not always keep pace.

The science behind delayed thirst

Thirst is regulated by the hypothalamus in the brain, which monitors blood concentration (osmolality). However, studies in hydration physiology show that the thirst response typically kicks in after 1–2% body water loss, which is already enough to:

• Reduce physical performance
• Affect concentration
• Cause fatigue or headaches

In extreme heat, this lag becomes even more pronounced, increasing the risk of dehydration.

Why “drink when thirsty” can fall short

While drinking on demand works in mild conditions, it may not be sufficient when:

• Temperatures are high
• Humidity is elevated
• You’re physically active
• You consume caffeine or alcohol
• You’re ill (fever, vomiting, diarrhoea)

In these situations, fluid loss exceeds what your thirst signals can accurately track.

Who is most at risk

Certain groups are more vulnerable to dehydration because their thirst response is weaker or less reliable:

• Older adults – reduced sensitivity to thirst
• Children – may not recognise or express thirst
• People with conditions like diabetes or kidney disorders
• Individuals on medications like diuretics

These groups need scheduled hydration, not just reactive drinking.

What proper hydration actually looks like

Experts recommend a proactive approach:

1. Drink regularly

• Sip water every 20–30 minutes during heat exposure
• Don’t wait until you feel thirsty

2. Monitor urine colour

• Pale yellow = well hydrated
• Dark yellow = dehydration warning

3. Adjust intake based on conditions

• Increase fluids when outdoors, exercising, or sweating

4. Include natural hydrating options

• Coconut water
• Buttermilk
• Lemon water

5. Eat water-rich foods

• Cucumber
• Watermelon
• Oranges

How much water do you really need?

While the “8 glasses a day” rule is a rough guideline, actual needs vary based on:

• Body weight
• Activity level
• Climate

In Indian summers, many adults may need 2.5–3.5 litres or more per day, especially if active.

Warning signs of dehydration

Don’t rely only on thirst—watch for:

• Dry mouth
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Reduced urination

Severe dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion or heatstroke, which require immediate medical attention.

The bottom line

Thirst is your body’s signal—but it’s not always timely. Especially in hot weather, waiting for that signal means you may already be dehydrated.

As Dr Pooja Pillai emphasizes, hydration should be proactive, not reactive. Building small, consistent drinking habits is the safest way to stay healthy and avoid the hidden risks of dehydration.