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SCO Summit 2025: PM Modi’s Address and Bilateral Talks with Putin, Xi | 10-Point Cheat Sheet

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The 25th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Heads of State Council Summit, held in Tianjin, China, became a major stage for regional and global diplomacy. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, alongside Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping, engaged in a series of high-level discussions that underscored India’s growing influence in shaping global security and economic narratives.

Here are the 10 biggest takeaways from the summit:


1. India-Russia Partnership Strengthened

PM Modi’s bilateral meeting with President Putin reinforced their “special and privileged strategic partnership.” Discussions focused on defence, energy, trade, and technology. Modi also invited Putin to India for the 23rd annual summit in December.


2. Modi’s Strong Stand Against Terrorism

At the plenary session, Modi described terrorism as the “gravest threat to humanity.” He urged zero tolerance against state-backed terrorism and highlighted the Pahalgam terror attack in J&K as a reminder of the urgency.


3. First Modi-Xi Bilateral Meeting Since 2018

After seven years, PM Modi and President Xi held a direct dialogue. The leaders emphasised restoring trust and ensuring peace, with Modi stressing mutual respect and sensitivity in handling the India-China border issue.


4. Progress on Border Management

Special representatives of both countries reached an agreement on managing border tensions. Since the 2024 Kazan summit, disengagement at flashpoints along the LAC has reduced friction, paving the way for confidence-building measures.


5. Resumption of Kailash Mansarovar Yatra

As a goodwill gesture, India and China announced the reopening of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra after a five-year suspension—marking an important step in restoring cultural and people-to-people ties.


6. Direct India-China Flights Restart

Both nations agreed to resume direct flights, facilitating business travel, tourism, and cultural exchanges after years of disruption.


7. Call for Multilateralism

PM Modi highlighted the SCO’s role in fostering regional cooperation, while Xi emphasised building a multipolar world order. Both called for stronger collaboration on global issues.


8. India’s Development Pitch

In his speech, Modi invited SCO members and global investors to join India’s transformative journey under the mantra “Reform, Perform, Transform.” He stressed India’s growth resilience and openness to global partnerships.


9. Xi Jinping’s Push for Global Justice

Xi called on SCO members to resist unilateralism and safeguard the multilateral trading system. He also announced 100 small-scale development projects across SCO nations to reduce inequality.


10. Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Call for Peace

In private talks, Modi and Putin reiterated the need for a peaceful resolution to the Russia-Ukraine war. Modi assured India’s support for global peace, while Putin appreciated India’s balanced role in seeking dialogue-driven solutions.


Conclusion

The 25th SCO Summit in Tianjin reaffirmed India’s role as a key diplomatic player in Asia and beyond. Modi’s engagements with Putin and Xi highlighted India’s balancing act between security concerns, economic opportunities, and peace-building initiatives. The summit underscored shared goals of regional stability, counter-terrorism, and multilateral cooperation, while also offering significant progress in India-China and India-Russia ties.

Veer Rana

Veer Rana is a seasoned journalist with a sharp eye for current affairs and public policy. With in-depth knowledge in politics, economy, education, and environmental issues, Veer delivers fact-based, insightful content that drives understanding in complex domains. He also covers health and wellness under lifestyle, bringing credible and actionable advice to readers.

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PM Modi in Mizoram & Manipur: Historic Railway Launch, Development Push, and First Visit Since Manipur Violence

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday inaugurated Mizoram’s first railway station at Sairang, marking the completion of the ₹8,070 crore Bairabi–Sairang Rail Line, a project that finally connects Aizawl to the Indian Railways network. Despite bad weather preventing him from addressing a rally at Aizawl’s Lammual Ground, PM Modi spoke virtually from Lengpui Airport, describing the day as “historic for Mizoram.”


Mizoram: First Rajdhani Express and New Railway Era

  • Historic Connectivity: Until now, Mizoram’s rail link was limited to the Silchar–Bairabi route in Assam. The new 51 km Bairabi–Sairang line brings Aizawl onto the national railway map for the first time.
  • Engineering Marvel: The project comprises 45 tunnels, 55 major bridges, and 88 minor bridges, built through challenging hilly terrain.
  • Flagged Off Services: PM Modi launched Mizoram’s first Rajdhani Express connecting Sairang to Delhi’s Anand Vihar. Two more services—Sairang–Kolkata Express and Sairang–Guwahati Express—were also inaugurated.
  • Boost for Growth: The line is expected to cut transport costs, boost trade, tourism, and generate jobs while integrating Mizoram with India’s mainstream economy.

PM Modi said, “This is not just a railway line, it is a lifeline that will transform lives in Mizoram.”


PM Modi on Vote Bank Politics in Northeast

During his speech, the Prime Minister also touched upon the political neglect of the Northeast in the past:


Manipur Visit: First Since Ethnic Violence

After Mizoram, PM Modi headed to Manipur, making his first visit since the ethnic violence of May 2023, which displaced thousands and led to President’s Rule being imposed in February 2025.

  • Churachandpur Visit: Modi is expected to meet internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Churachandpur, a Kuki-majority district.
  • Imphal Programmes: In the Meitei-dominated capital, Imphal, he will inaugurate and lay foundation stones for projects worth over ₹3,600 crore, including roads, highways, IT infrastructure, working women’s hostels, and the Ima Markets (the world’s largest all-women-run market).
  • Symbolic Visit: His visit to both Kuki and Meitei areas is being seen as a strong message of reconciliation and inclusive development.

PM Modi posted on X:
“I will be attending programmes in Churachandpur and Imphal tomorrow. We are fully committed to inclusive and all-round development of Manipur.”


₹71,000 Crore Push for Northeast

The PM’s three-day tour across five Northeastern states includes projects worth over ₹71,000 crore, spanning railways, highways, power, digital infrastructure, and social development initiatives. Officials call it one of the biggest-ever development drives in the region.


Why This Visit Matters

  • First railway connectivity for Mizoram’s capital.
  • First Prime Ministerial visit to Manipur since ethnic conflict.
  • Strong message of inclusive growth and ending neglect of the Northeast.
  • Massive development boost across five states.

This moment marks both a historic leap in connectivity and a politically significant outreach to one of India’s most sensitive regions.

Veer Rana

Veer Rana is a seasoned journalist with a sharp eye for current affairs and public policy. With in-depth knowledge in politics, economy, education, and environmental issues, Veer delivers fact-based, insightful content that drives understanding in complex domains. He also covers health and wellness under lifestyle, bringing credible and actionable advice to readers.

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PM Modi Inaugurates Mizoram’s First Railway Station: Key Details of the Bairabi–Sairang Rail Project

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Mizoram’s first-ever railway station at Sairang, marking a historic milestone in India’s connectivity drive. The launch of the Bairabi–Sairang New Rail Line Project, valued at over ₹8,070 crore, officially brings Mizoram’s capital onto the Indian Railways map for the first time.


🚉 Historic Railway Inauguration

On Saturday, PM Modi flagged off the first trains from the Sairang railway station, situated about 12 km from Aizawl. This fulfills a long-standing national vision to connect all state capitals in India’s Northeast by rail.

The inauguration was hailed as a landmark moment of inclusive development, aimed at strengthening integration of the Northeast with the rest of the country.


📌 Key Details of the Bairabi–Sairang Project

  • Length & Route: 51.38 km of railway line built through rugged, hilly terrain of Mizoram.
  • Engineering Marvel: The project includes 48 tunnels, 142 bridges (55 major, 87 minor), road overbridges, and underbridges.
    • Highlight: Bridge No. 196, standing 104 meters tall, is taller than Delhi’s Qutub Minar, making it the highest bridge in Mizoram and the second-highest pier bridge in Indian Railways.
  • Cost & Timeline: Conceived in 1999, the line was completed at a cost of ₹8,070 crore after decades of engineering challenges including landslides and difficult weather.

🌏 Connectivity & Socio-Economic Impact

  • Regional Link: Aizawl is now the fourth northeastern capital (after Guwahati, Agartala, and Itanagar) connected to the national railway grid.
  • Trade & Tourism: The line will reduce dependence on roadways, cut travel costs, and make Mizoram more accessible for business, tourism, and employment.
  • Future Prospects: Plans are underway to extend the line further toward the Myanmar border, tying in with the Kaladan Multimodal Transit Project, opening new international trade opportunities.

🚄 Inaugural Train Services

  • Mizoram’s First Rajdhani Express: Connecting Sairang directly to Anand Vihar Terminal (Delhi), covering 2,510 km in 43 hours.
  • New Express Trains: Direct links to Kolkata and Guwahati, ensuring faster and more reliable connectivity for residents.

🏗️ Symbol of Inclusive Growth

Mizoram Governor and Railway Minister hailed the project as a symbol of inclusive national development, bridging geographic isolation with modern infrastructure.

PM Modi emphasized that such projects embody India’s vision of ensuring equal progress in every corner of the country, no matter how remote.


📖 Conclusion

The inauguration of the Bairabi–Sairang rail line is more than a transport milestone—it represents integration, opportunity, and growth for Mizoram and the entire Northeast. From cutting travel time to enhancing economic prospects, the project is poised to transform the lives of lakhs of people, while also showcasing India’s engineering prowess in one of the country’s most challenging terrains.

Veer Rana

Veer Rana is a seasoned journalist with a sharp eye for current affairs and public policy. With in-depth knowledge in politics, economy, education, and environmental issues, Veer delivers fact-based, insightful content that drives understanding in complex domains. He also covers health and wellness under lifestyle, bringing credible and actionable advice to readers.

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Delhi Police Busts ISI Spy Module: Nepali Man Held for Sending Indian SIM Cards to Pakistan

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The Delhi Police Special Cell has busted a major espionage racket linked to Pakistan’s intelligence agency ISI and arrested a 43-year-old Nepali citizen, Prabhat Kumar Chaurasia, for supplying Indian SIM cards that were being used in Pakistan.

According to officials, Chaurasia had procured 16 Indian SIM cards (Airtel and Jio) using his Aadhaar card. Out of these, 11 SIM cards were traced as active on WhatsApp in Pakistan, in cities like Lahore and Bahawalpur. The SIM cards were smuggled through Nepal to ISI handlers, who used them to attempt contact with Indian Army officials.


Attempts to Extract Sensitive Defence Information

Police investigations revealed that Chaurasia had been in touch with ISI operatives since 2024. The Pakistani agency allegedly lured him with promises of a US visa and a career in journalism abroad in exchange for his services.

Through the WhatsApp accounts registered on these Indian SIMs, attempts were being made to extract sensitive defence-related information. Delhi Police has registered a case under sections 61(2)/152 of the BNS at the PS Special Cell and further interrogation of the accused is underway to uncover wider links.


Pakistan’s Continued Espionage Attempts

This case adds to a long list of espionage attempts by Pakistan that Indian security agencies have foiled over the years. By exploiting loopholes in telecom systems and targeting vulnerable individuals with financial or career incentives, ISI has repeatedly tried to infiltrate Indian defence communications.

Officials pointed out that routing SIM cards through Nepal is a known ISI tactic to bypass direct detection. The fresh module’s bust highlights how Pakistan continues to adopt underhanded methods to destabilise India and gather intelligence.


Timing Amid Strained India-Pakistan Relations

The incident comes against the backdrop of tense India-Pakistan ties, particularly after the recent Pahalgam terror attack, where India publicly exposed Pakistan’s role before the international community. This exposure has reportedly irked Islamabad, prompting renewed espionage efforts.

Indian agencies, however, remain vigilant. The arrest of Chaurasia and the exposure of this spy module is seen as a major success in neutralising Pakistan’s covert operations.


Significance of the Bust

  • Prevented possible leaks of defence information.
  • Exposed ISI’s recruitment tactics using false promises of foreign visas and careers.
  • Highlighted the use of telecom loopholes (routing SIMs via Nepal).
  • Strengthened India’s counter-espionage operations at a sensitive time in regional security.
Veer Rana

Veer Rana is a seasoned journalist with a sharp eye for current affairs and public policy. With in-depth knowledge in politics, economy, education, and environmental issues, Veer delivers fact-based, insightful content that drives understanding in complex domains. He also covers health and wellness under lifestyle, bringing credible and actionable advice to readers.

Continue Reading

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